Development Policies and Political Evolution of Jordan Essay

Development Policies and Political Evolution of Jordan - Essay Example He has the power to appoint or dismiss the judges, amend the constitution, wage wars, and control the armed forces. He appoints the council of ministers, led by the Prime Minister, which is entrusted with the responsibility of overlooking the affairs of the country concerning general policies. The Jordanian constitution offers three types of courts – civil, religious and special, and its administration comprises of a total of twelve governorates each of which is led by a governor, who in turn is appointed by the King. The governors of each governorate are responsible for supervising and managing all the government departments as well as developmental projects in their respective regions1. Jordan, a predominantly monarchist regime, has seen the tremendous transformation on the political front in the past decade. Its transition from monarchy towards a democracy has resulted in the establishment of a multi-party system, as well as framing of revolutionary laws and policies that aimed to ensure and safeguard political freedom. Jordan aims to establish itself as a model of a modern Islamic state with humanistic values. In pursuit of its ideals and a vision to create a model framework for the social, political and economic development of their country, the Ministry for Political Development was established in the year 2003. This organization put forward a formal definition that aptly described the country’s political ideologies. It is mentioned below: â€Å"Development is a modernization process that will develop the relationship between the State and society, which will foster public stability and social peace through developing the law regulating public affairs, stimulating public participation, restructuring the public concepts of organizational and institutional structures and transforming the concepts of adjustment loyalty, transparency, accountability and participation from the theoretical stage  into the application sphere."

Changing Self Essay Essay Example for Free

Changing Self Essay Essay How do composers use texts to explore concepts of Changing Self? Discuss ideas and techniques. In Gwen Harwoods poems Prize-Giving and The Glass Jar, the prescribed text Sky-High, and the novel White Teeth by Zadie Smith, the composer have used many varying ideas and techniques to investigate and illustrate concepts of Changing Self effectively. The ideas looked at in Gwen Harwoods poetry include imagery, retrospect, metaphor, and inversion of the connotation of adjectives. Ideas conveyed in Sky-High include imagery, retrospect, and comparison. The techniques and ideas in White Teeth, to name the most important, are long and erratic chronology, removing characters for a period and the exposing of the least important change are evident in the texts that are compared. In Gwen Harwoods poem Prize-Giving, the composer has adeptly used imagery to examine and represent the Changing Self evident in this poem. This striking imagery at first portrays an egotistical middle aged man, such as his inurbane behaviour when he scowled with violent distaste. This works in revealing the major change of Eisenbart, in comparing the self-righteous man at the start of the poem, to the awkward and confused man at the end. The imagery used to describe the titian haired girl is also evocative, especially when comparing her supposed insignificance in contrast to Eisenbart, and the affect she has on him. She seems to be nothing but a cheeky, though attractive, schoolgirl: one girl sat grinning. This thought of her insignificance is reinforced when she winked at nearby friends, possibly reinforcing to Eisenbart her immaturity that was earlier established through her audacious behaviour during the opening prayer. However, Eisenbart was flung from his calm age and power merely by a touch of this immature schoolgirl, indicating a change. This change in the girls attitude is reinforced when she changed her casual schoolgirls for a masters air, indicating the power that she has that Eisenbart has not detected thus far. In the text Sky-High by Hannah Robert, the concept of Changing Self is analysed and emphasized through retrospect, apt imagery, and change of language. The best climbing tree indicates the experiences of a child and their joy in everything no matter how small. However, the responsibility in the statement it is unlikely the washing line could support me divulges that the persona is now more responsible, and, it is discovered, also older, revealing a physical change of self. The comparisons in the final stanza show the insight that the persona now has; as seen in I was once the curious onlooker, I now write my own semaphore secrets in colourful t-shirts. It also shows, however, that no matter how much a person changes, that he or she is still the same person, and that they still retain what they were before. The metaphors used in The Glass Jar, and the way in which they are developed and often exaggerated, shows and typifies the change of self that is experienced by the persona, so that greater audiences may understand the experiences of a small child. Only a small child could imagine an ordinary glass jar as a monstrance in which the sun could be caught for the night. This vision of the holy commonplace of field and flower coming to save the boy is lost when he awakes from his nightmares. The religious metaphor is now lost except for the mocking image of the resurrected sun in the final stanza. The inversion of the usual use of adjectives shows the confusion associated with the change of self for the persona, such as the malignant ballet. The novel White Teeth, by Zadie Smith, develops the concept of Changing Self with a long and somewhat inconsistent chronology. All the characters in this novel, which reaches from World War Two to the end of the century, obviously change physically due to this long chronology. However, the retrospect as to how much the characters have changed in other ways is far more potent because of the extensive chronology. The comparison, for example, Josh Chalfen turning away from his family and becoming less of a nerd: he was the kind of guy who could measure an eighth with his eyes closed (so fuck you, Millat). The original focus of the book on Archie Jones beguiles the reader into thinking that he is the main focus for the book. However, Archie serves  merely as a connection between all the original characters. From these characters the Jones, Iqbal, Chalfen and Bowden families and their stories emerge, and all the adults, in the end, only accentuate the changes that the children (Irie, Millat, Magid, and Josh) undergo, that is, comparing where the children have ended up to what their parents expected of them. The later and extended focus of the novel on Millat Iqbal, who changes in the most radical way out of all the characters, hides the slow and, in the sense that Millat changes, insignificant changes of Irie Jones, but her changes are more symbolic and emotional. The removal of Magid from the story means that his change of self seems sudden, because the persona is taken away at the age of nine years and only returned at the age of seventeen. In the texts Prize-Giving and The Glass Jar by Gwen Harwood, Sky-High by Hannah Robert, and White Teeth by Zadie Smith, ideas and techniques are flaunted in terms of how they are used to display the change of self in the personas. The numerous ideas used in each of the texts, often overlapping to be used in more than one text show the skill of the composers and their flexibility in applying various techniques.

The Birthmark Essay: External and Internal Conflict in The Birthmark

External and Internal Conflict in â€Å"The Birthmark†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚   This essay will analyze Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Birthmark† to determine the external and internal conflicts in the tale.    In the opinion of this reader, the central conflicts in the tale – the relation between the protagonist and antagonist usually (Abrams 225) – are the external one between Aylmer and Georgiana over the birthmark on her cheek, and internal ones within Georgiana between love and self-interest and alienation, and within Aylmer regarding scientific good and evil, success and failure.    Hyatt Waggoner in â€Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne† states:    Alienation is perhaps the theme he handles with greatest power. â€Å"Insulation,† he sometimes called it – which suggests not only isolation but imperviousness. It is the opposite of that â€Å"osmosis of being† that Warren has written of, that ability to respond and relate to others and the world. . . . it puts one outside the ‘magic circle’ or the ‘magnetic chain’ of humanity, where there is neither love nor reality (54).    Waggoner’s theme of alienation does play a part in the tale, but the theme which dominates is that of love conquering self as exemplified in Georgiana’s growing love for Aylmer. Her love transforms her very soul. â€Å"Everything he has to say is related, finally, to ‘that inward sphere’† (McPherson 68-69). â€Å"When he desired to build the kingdom of God, he looked for the pattern of it, not in history nor in the fortunes of those about him, but in his own heart (Erskine 180).    In the opening paragraph of â€Å"The Birthmark† the narrator introduces Aylmer as a scientist who â€Å"had made experience of a spiritual affinity more attractive than any chemical one.† Hawthorne’s... ... Erskine, John. â€Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne.† In Leading American Novelists. New York: Books For Libraries Press, 1968.    Hawthorne, Nathaniel. â€Å"The Birthmark† Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia Library http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/toccer-new2?id=HawBirt.sgm&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&tag=public&part=1&division=div1    McPherson, Hugo. â€Å"Hawthorne’s Use of Mythology.† In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1996.    Waggoner, Hyatt. â€Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne.† In Six American Novelists of the Nineteenth Century, edited by Richard Foster. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1968.    Williams, Stanley T. â€Å"Hawthorne’s Puritan Mind.† In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1996.   

Heidi Roizen

1. What are the strengths and weaknesses of Roizen’s network at the end of the case? Heidi Roizen has invested time and effort in developing and sustaining relationships/networks in the computer industry, especially in the Silicon Valley area, throughout her professional career. As she moves into her venture capitalist role, her networking efforts have the following strengths – †¢Includes executives including CEO’s, thereby giving her the experience of interacting with these business leaders.Since she has established relationships with many and her credibility is proven, which is an important criterion for business leaders; this is a critical skill in her new role. †¢Since she is not only well known in the internet industry but is also well respected, her joining Softbank provides positive feedback about the new group making it an attractive opportunity for many. Her current role is different from her prior jobs in that it requires making go/no-go fundi ng decisions about start-up companies rather than establish a network of contact to help develop the business she was involved in.This fundamental difference in her role will put strains on her vast network as well as herself. Namely- †¢Reject projects from her acquaintances. Even though she has been making concerted efforts to reach out to those affected by these adverse decisions, there is a good possibility that some people will let these decision impact their personal/professional relationships with her. Since, she is very values her relationships a lot I imagine such issues will negatively affect her at a personal level.This has the potential of having a negative impact on her credibility in the industry †¢Trying to manage her network will put constraints on her professional and/or personal life. As she mentions that she spends two hours per day sending out rejection notes, I believe for her to be able to sustain this she will need to put in extra hours at work or com promise the quality of work. †¢Create internal conflict for herself by deviating from her philosophy of helping others when it is a mutually beneficial situation for both, since in her current role she is feeling pressured to help people by referring them to the companies she is tied with. 2) What specific steps did Roizen take to develop her network? To maintain it? Heidi Roizen is a very well know business leader in the computer industry sector, especially in Silicon Valley. During the course of her career she has built a vast network of connections. The basic reason for her vast network can be attributed to her innate extrovert and high energy personality coupled with a desire to interact and help people with high caliber and engaging personalities. In addition, she was also required to cultivate relationships to support the software company, T/Maker, which she co-founded in the early phase of her career.The primary objective was to market the company’s product. Her s trategies towards developing relationships included – †¢Follow the ‘what can I offer’ approach. In her interactions with people she planned carefully on how to help their projects/needs. During her time at Tandem, she had opportunity to work with the company’s CEO’s and through her approach she built relationships with the CEO. Her relationship benefited her professionally as he recommended her for the Stanford MBA program. †¢Identify organizations and people that will help her initiatives and engage them through meaningful contributions in their activities.To promote her company, T/Maker, Heidi networked with the press, the software entrepreneur’s forums and the software publishers association. Through her contributions she has established sustainable relationships, as is evident by the glowing reviews paid to her by business leaders such as Brian Gentile of eALITY Inc. †¢Trust her judgments on the caliber of person she associ ates with rather than their position in the organization. The paper gives instances where she built relationships with ‘smart’, ‘interesting’ and ‘good quality’ people who later become senior executives in their companies. Relationships are built on a combination of professional-social interactions. She is known to have regular parties at her house. She used these events not only to build her relationships but also provide networking opportunities to her guests. Heidi gives a lot of importance to her relationships and is consequently very conscientious in sustaining them. To maintain her network, she believes in †¢Quality of the interaction rather than quantity. She leverages her relationships after much thought, for e. g. higher up in the organization her contact is, fewer times she would contact that individual for favor. †¢Focus on been consistent in the relationship. She emphasizes being consistent in her actions while dealing wit h friends. †¢Ensuring there is reciprocity in the relationship i. e. , there is a balance between the times she is asking for help versus helping that particular individual out. ? 3) How does your own network compare with Roizen’s? To what extent are the differences due to the political structure in the networks assist?To what extent are the differences due to the personal preferences and style? As I compare my social/professional network to Heidi Roizen’s, one of the biggest differences is the number of people we know-my LinkedIn contact list is at 100+ while I guess Heidi’s would be 500+ category. After going through this article I have realized the significance networking can have on one’s profession and moving forward will like to The commonalities between our relationships include †¢Quality of interactions rather than quantity.I have some very good friends whom I only meet once/twice per year yet the relationship has been sustained. †¢ Relationships have to be on an even footing. I make concerted efforts to ensure reciprocity is maintained from my end. There have been occasions in the past where I have discontinued relationships when I felt the other individual was always asking for help. Some differences that occur in our relationships are †¢Heidi is very social and has parties almost every weekend in her house. This is not the case at my place. There is a very strong emphasis in her life on networking, which is not the case for me. She seems to invest time in relationships with the intent of leveraging them for future benefit either for herself or other acquaintances. This becomes clear at the end of the case during her time Softbank she referred people to organizations that will help her business interest. In my case, relationships can sometimes be used to exchange ideas or just have fun without the intent of obtaining any benefit. †¢I am generally not looking to bring people together for mutual benef it. †¢She makes an effort of meeting new people through attending trade shows, participating in conference etc.In my role, I have opportunity to attend technical conferences but my primary intent there is to acquire knowledge rather than meet new people. In my opinion one of the biggest reasons for the differences is our personality type. She is an out-going, high energy person with a passion for meeting new people. This means that interacting and meeting new people provides her with fuel to get recharged in life. I am an introvert who enjoys meeting people but feel drained after these experiences and need alone/close family time to recharge.In addition, differences between Heidi and me can also be attributed to our professions. Since she has primarily worked as entrepreneurs/business developer, my role is to develop manufacturing processes. I believe there is a fundamental difference between these roles, her job needs interacting with a large number of people whereas in my cas e knowledge about the processes is more important. ? 4) What suggestions would you give Roizen for adjusting and maintaining her network as she became more involved as an internet venture capitalist?I will give her the following suggestions †¢She should not try to sustain every relationship that she has established over the years. She should create of priority list of people and maintain relationships with those who meet her basic requirement of being ‘smart’ and ‘good quality’ as well are value added in her new role. She has to juggle three critical roles – family, work and network management. If she focuses too much on trying to maintain her network, there is a high probability that one or both of the others will suffer. She should focus on creating some relationships with people who are not in the same industry sector as her. This will be –in sync with her outgoing personality and fulfill her ‘need’ to interact with people while not creating expectations/pressures in her profession. In the paper, it is obvious that many of the proposals, including meeting requests, being submitted are from with her network. Since most of these are being rejected and even though she is being very professional in rejecting these, it should be expected that some of these rejections are not well received.The negative reactions emanating from these may create stress for her and hamper her professional and personal life. †¢She should also delegate the rejection letters to her subordinates as she seems to be spending too much time on them and this is taking away from her work time that may be detrimental for her career. †¢Since, her current role is different from her past roles of being an entrepreneur/business developer there is limited need for keeping a very large network.

Narcissism in Young People

NEW NARCISSISM Assignment A 1. Narcissism is a notion, which describes the trait to have an exaggerated feeling of self-esteem, based on the person’s ego. A person who â€Å"suffers† from Narcissism feels a demand for being treated better than others. The person is very busy concerning wealth and fame, and considers himself as a person who naturally has to be in the centre of everything. An example of a person who suffers from Narcissism is a boy from Bumfuck, Tennessee called Chris Crocker. He became famous from one day to another, only by uploading a film on the internet. In this film he cries and screams â€Å"leave Britney alone! , because he believes that people have been too hard on her and don’t think of what she has been through. The strange thing is that he has filmed all this and even, vain enough, uploaded it on YouTube. Maybe Chris Crocker didn’t do all this only to express his strong opinion, but also to become famous. Because already two wee ks after the uploading he talks in an interview about hiring a bodyguard. You can definitely say that Chris Crocker lives up to the idea of Narcissism. He is definitely busy concerning fame and he finds it obviously natural that everyone wants to hear his opinion of Britney Spears’s situation. But don’t we want that?The film has been watched nearly 40 million times, and this proves that we actually want to see and hear his opinion, but also that we, as society lets people as Chris Crocker become famous, despite their lack of talent. Our acceptation of this vain behavior is definitely caused by the phenomenon: NEW NARCISSISM: It all begun with the myth from Greek culture, which is the story behind the notion Narcissism. The myth tells us about the handsome youth Narcissus, who is obsessed with his own beauty. The myth tells that the Gods punish him, by letting him fall hopelessly in love with his own reflection, which he sees in the water of the lake.He turns mad and de velops a desire to maltreat his beautiful body. Many years later Freud reviews the notion, and was the first to use it in connection with psychiatry. Soon afterward people recognized narcissism as a medical condition with the symptoms of vanity, self-importance and egotism. A narcissist is described as a man who, if he was given the choice to bring one effect to a desert island, would choose a mirror. 100 years after Sigmund Freud, the social critic Christopher Lasch relates narcissism to society. He maintains that society reproduces its culture and the ego is a mirror of this culture.Lasch uses fashion to describe narcissism, by explaining that it has existed for a very long time. The Victorian dandies, who tried to imitate aristocratic values, in the same way as the New Romantics reflected the materialism of Thatcher’s Britain. Lasch tells us that narcissism has developed so that it isn’t only elitist followers of fashion, but also middle class men in their early for ties, who submit to surgical operations, especially penis extensions. How vain can you be! As Nacissus did in the myth, people maltreat their bodies by surgical operations.But in the typical spirit of narcissism, the doctor Viel says that these operations do nothing but help people’s self-esteem. The new narcissists are not only obsessed with their looks, now they also want immediate stardom. A fine example of this is the X-Factor audition, where more than 150. 000 people were ready to be humiliated in front of many million people. As we see for ourselves on TV Friday nights: more than 80% are classic narcissists and convinced that they deserve success, even though they can neither sing nor perform.When the narcissists can’t get famous because of their lack of talent, they use the internet to get attention, as Chris Crocker did, believing that people want to read their everyday doings. The narcissists use the internet to promote themselves, by showing their private sna ps, blocking about themselves and attempting to interest people in their badly demos. On the internet they have the opportunity to talk about themselves all the time, without anyone interrupting them. Facebook, MySpace and the other blocking sites are simply the dream world of every narcissist.Christopher Lacsh believes that the internet, apart from being a site to promote yourself, also offers a feeling of solidarity and even a substitute family. The author Andrew Keen says about this that it’s even damaging for the social cohesion. The internet lumps all people together, in other words: tars with the same brush. You can compare it with the story of Chris Crocker. A few years ago he would have been described as a freak, but nowadays the attention-seeking freak is famous. This is due to the fact that he merely reflects society and its culture.In short narcissism has developed from ‘just’ being synonymous with a medical condition where the patient has an exaggerat ed feeling of self-esteem. Now it’s called new narcissism and has changed from being self-absorbed to focusing on fame, wealth and perfection. The new narcissists see themselves as exceptional and set unrealistic goals for their future, but especially for their looks. Therefore the expression new narcissism means that people today are willing to do anything to achieve fame, attention and wealth for their own benefit, even though it’s only â€Å"15 minutes of fame† (Andy Warhol) . . â€Å"Student narcissism on the rise† (text 2) has the same message as â€Å"Me, Me, Me,† (text 1), that the young people are more narcissistic than ever before. Janice McDuffie partly blames the parents for being too soft on their children: protect them from the real, tough world, which causes the children to believe they are allowed only to be thinking about themselves. This makes them too optimistic and confident about their futures, which doesn’t commit them e nough in the process of education and social needs.McDuffie believes it can be dangerous in the long run, if the young continue their narcissism. †Do today's young people really think they are so extraordinary? † (text 3) says, unlike the other two articles, that there has not been any significant change in the student’s attitude towards themselves. Jimmy Carter supports his statement with a research from a university in Western Ontario where they were unable to show any increase in the narcissism of today's youth, compared to earlier studies, and therefore disproving the term †generation me†.The two texts couldn’t have said anything more different. Text 2: â€Å"Student narcissism on the rise† says that today’s youth are more narcissistic than ever before, whereas text 3: †Do today's young people really think they are so extraordinary? †, says the totally opposite and maintains that the students today haven’t be en more narcissistic than their predecessors. But both texts are supported by scientific studies, which only make it more difficult for the reader to find out which is correct.